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sydney metro west opening date

[31] These plans received criticism on the basis that they might not have the capacity of existing double-deck trains [32] and concerns over the inability of trains on the existing network to use the new crossing. [53] In a 6-car configuration, the trains have a seating capacity of 378 people, with a total capacity of 1,100. Sydney Metro is Australia's biggest public transport project. [17], The construction of the North West Metro was however dependent on the privatisation of the electricity network,[18] and after a change of the state's Premier in late 2008, it was cancelled due to budgetary concerns. ARA, Monash University back Suburban Rail loop despite estimated $200B price tag. Find out more on the Sydney Metro West website. The travel calculator calculates the number of minutes for a journey during stage 1 and stage 2 of the Sydney On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. [45] Since July 2019, services take 37 minutes from end to end, at a frequency of every 4 minutes during peak hours and every 10 minutes at all other times. Phone: 1800 612 173 Sydney Metro West community information line, Mail: Sydney Metro West, PO Box K659 Haymarket NSW 1240. [34][35] The new railway would cross Sydney Harbour, tunnel beneath the CBD, and join the Bankstown line which would be converted to metro standards. Australia's financial years start on 1 July and end on 30 June. Sydney's first metro, the Metro North West Line, opened on 26 May 2019. The Sydney Metro West project has announced two new stations - Pyrmont, and Hunter Street in the city's central business district. [46][47] Before that, for the first few weeks after opening, the line operated once every 5 minutes during the peak hours until it was increased to every 4 minutes. The new metro railway will: Have a target rail travel time of 20 minutes between Parramatta and Sydney's CBD Double rail capacity between these two areas We pay respect to traditional custodians and Elders past and present. [22], When the project was first announced, up to 12 stations including Parramatta, Sydney Olympic Park, the Bays Precinct and the Sydney central business district were announced as initial station locations. Most people used their Opal cards to tap off at Chatswood, Macquarie University and Epping. The last 4 months of the fiscal year accounted for 5.7 Million, or 54% of all trips. City & Southwest City stations opening in 2024 113 kilometres New metro rail by 2030 46 metro stations State of the art, fully accessible Sydney's new trains Fast, safe, reliable No timetable Customers will just turn up and go Connected Continuous mobile phone coverage through network Northwest Now open City & Southwest For project enquiries or complaints about construction work: Transport for NSW recognise and celebrate the diversity of Aboriginal peoples and their ongoing cultures and care of Country. Sydney Metro West is a rapid transit project under construction in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,[2][3][4] involving the construction of a rail line linking the Sydney City Centre (CBD) with Westmead in the outer western suburbs of Greater Sydney. Construction on Metro West, connecting Parramatta to the Sydney CBD, will start in 2020. [30], Sydney Metro West is a separate line between the Sydney CBD and Westmead. It will deliver a direct connection between the CBDs of Parramatta and Sydney, linking communities along the way that have not been previously serviced by rail and unlocking housing supply and employment growth between the two major CBDs. Environmental Impact Statements for over station development at Parramatta, Sydney Olympic Park, Hunter Street Station East and Hunter Street Station West are currently under assessment. Winter Love Island is about to heat up even further - thanks to the Casa Amor arrivals (Picture: ITV) Love Island 's 2023 winter . The first proposals for a metro system in Sydney were put forward in 2001, when Co-ordinator-General of Rail Ron Christie released his "Long-term Strategic Plan for Rail" report, outlining long-term goals for the expansion of the rail network. [91], The City & Southwest line is being planned to be extended from Bankstown to Glenfield[41] via Liverpool,[91] with a further potential extension to the Aerotropolis via the existing South West Rail link that serves Leppington. [53] Stage 5 of the project would further extend the line westward from Olympic Park to Parramatta, planned for completion in 2024. The proposal depended on the construction of two tracks from St Marys to Penrith, as well as taking over existing CityRail tracks between St Marys to Westmead. In February 2023, as part of the 2023 state election campaign, the government of Dominic Perrottet announced business cases would be produced for a further 100km of extensions for the Sydney Metro network. From Central, the new track will be built to Sydenham railway station. For all operational information and service information, visithttps://transportnsw.info/travel-info/ways-to-get-around/metro#/. As there are no return or periodical options available, reusable Opal cards include several caps to reduce the cost for frequent travellers: The first stage connects Sydney's north-western suburbs to Chatswood. [34] Media reports in 2021 suggested that difficulty in excavation and property acquisition in Sydney CBD for the Hunter Street station risked escalating costs on the project. [39] As of March2021[update], Peter Regan is the Chief Executive of the agency. [55] The trains utilise Alstom's trademark Urbalis 400 Grade-of-Automation signalling system that ensures that trains are capable of operating automatically at all times including door closing, obstacle detection and emergencies. The metro line will pass through several suburbs that will not be serviced by the line. Parramatta City Council has also urged the government to build a station at Camellia to trigger urban renewal of the precinct.[28]. In March 2021, the project received its first major planning approval for theProject Concept between Westmead and the Sydney CBD and station excavation and tunnelling between Westmead and The Bays, and in September 2022 the project received its second major approval forstation excavation and tunnelling between The Bays and Sydney CBD. Stage 2, extending the metro under Sydney Harbour and through the CBD to Bankstown, is expected to open in 2024. Then, two new metro lines - including the Project - will progressively come online in the second half of the 2020s, servicing Greater Western Sydney. Sydney Metro West will have a travel time target of around 20 minutes between Parramatta and the Sydney CBD Doubling rail capacity between Parramatta and the Sydney CBD About Sydney Metro West Sydney Metro is making it easier than ever for you to access important project information. Westmead, Parramatta, Concord West and North Strathfield were considered as options for interchange with the suburban rail network, "NSW tenders Sydney Metro West tunnelling", "Sydney's mega Metro West project underway", "Revealed: new metro between Sydney CBD and Parramatta", "Change of course looms for multibillion-dollar Parramatta light rail", "Sydney Metro West: a new railway, more trains for Western Sydney", "Sydney's new metro line to Parramatta kicks off clamour for stations", "Cost of new metro line from Sydney CBD to Parramatta set to top $12.5 billion", "The Sydney suburbs on list of station sites for new metro line", "NSW Premier says construction of Metro West line to begin 2020", "Labor commits $8 billion to fast-track Sydney Metro West", "Government getting it done on Metro West", "$3.4bn added to fast-forward Sydney metro west", "Infrastructure Statement 2019-2020 Budget Paper No.2", "Construction of the Western Sydney Metro to start next year", "NSW Government confirms seven new Sydney train stations for Metro West project", "Further Sydney Metro West stations revealed", "New CBD rail station to link Wynyard and Martin Place", "Sydney Metro Project Overview - October 2019", "Warning that Metro West risks costing $27b and opening late", "Push for extra metro station in Sydney's west to trigger urban renewal", "Sydney's newest metro stations announced", "Sydney Metro West over-station development proposal", "Parramatta Light Rail: NSW Government accused of trying to ditch Sydney Olympic Park", "Parramatta Light Rail to Sydney Olympic Park", "Final major tunnelling contract awarded for Sydney Metro West", "First major tunnelling contract awarded for Metro West", "Second Sydney Metro West tunnelling contract awarded", "Sydney CBD station looms as biggest challenge for flagship Metro rail project", "A new partnership model for Sydney Metro West", "Sydney Metro awards $A 1.6bn Sydney Metro West tunnelling contract", "Major backflip on emergency exits for Sydney Metro rail tunnels", "Parramatta to city in 11 minutes: now that's a fast train - National - www.smh.com.au", Leighton Contractors Infrastructure Investment: Western FastRail, "SydneyLink project: Where could we use a metro rail line? Sydney Metro Western Sydney Airport will run approximately 23km (14.3mi) from St Marys to the planned Aerotropolis Core. .mw-parser-output .RMbox{box-shadow:0 2px 2px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.14),0 1px 5px 0 rgba(0,0,0,.12),0 3px 1px -2px rgba(0,0,0,.2)}.mw-parser-output .RMinline{float:none;width:100%;margin:0;border:none}.mw-parser-output table.routemap{padding:0;border:0;border-collapse:collapse;background:transparent;white-space:nowrap;line-height:1.2;margin:auto}.mw-parser-output table.routemap .RMcollapse{margin:0;border-collapse:collapse;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output table.routemap .RMreplace{margin:0;border-collapse:collapse;vertical-align:middle;position:absolute;bottom:0}.mw-parser-output table.routemap .RMsi{display:inline;font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output table.routemap .RMl1{padding:0 3px;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output table.routemap .RMr1{padding:0 3px;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output table.routemap .RMl{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output table.routemap .RMr{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output table.routemap .RMl4{padding:0 3px 0 0;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output table.routemap .RMr4{padding:0 0 0 3px;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output table.routemap>tbody>tr{line-height:1}.mw-parser-output table.routemap>tbody>tr>td,.mw-parser-output table.RMcollapse>tbody>tr>td,.mw-parser-output table.RMreplace>tbody>tr>td{padding:0;width:auto;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .RMir>div{display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle;padding:0;height:20px;min-height:20px}.mw-parser-output .RMir img{height:initial!important;max-width:initial!important}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RMov{position:relative}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RMov .RMic,.mw-parser-output .RMir .RMov .RMtx{position:absolute;left:0;top:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RMtx{line-height:20px;height:20px;min-height:20px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RMsp{height:20px;min-height:20px}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RMtx>abbr,.mw-parser-output .RMir .RMtx>div{line-height:.975;display:inline-block;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RMts{font-size:90%;transform:scaleX(.89)}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RMf_{height:5px;min-height:5px;width:20px;min-width:20px}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RMfm{height:100%;min-height:100%;width:4px;min-width:4px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RMo{width:2.5px;min-width:2.5px}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RMc{width:5px;min-width:5px}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RMoc{width:7.5px;min-width:7.5px}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RMd{width:10px;min-width:10px}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RMod{width:12.5px;min-width:12.5px}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RMcd{width:15px;min-width:15px}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RMocd{width:17.5px;min-width:17.5px}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RM_{width:20px;min-width:20px}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RM_o{width:22.5px;min-width:22.5px}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RM_c{width:25px;min-width:25px}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RM_oc{width:27.5px;min-width:27.5px}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RM_d{width:30px;min-width:30px}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RM_od{width:32.5px;min-width:32.5px}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RM_cd{width:35px;min-width:35px}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RM_ocd{width:37.5px;min-width:37.5px}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RMb{width:40px;min-width:40px}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RMcb{width:45px;min-width:45px}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RMdb{width:50px;min-width:50px}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RMcdb{width:55px;min-width:55px}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RM_b{width:60px;min-width:60px}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RM_cb{width:65px;min-width:65px}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RM_db{width:70px;min-width:70px}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RM_cdb{width:75px;min-width:75px}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RMs{width:80px;min-width:80px}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RMds{width:90px;min-width:90px}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RM_s{width:100px;min-width:100px}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RM_ds{width:110px;min-width:110px}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RMbs{width:120px;min-width:120px}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RMdbs{width:130px;min-width:130px}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RM_bs{width:140px;min-width:140px}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RM_dbs{width:150px;min-width:150px}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RMw{width:160px;min-width:160px}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RM_w{width:180px;min-width:180px}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RMbw{width:200px;min-width:200px}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RM_bw{width:220px;min-width:220px}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RMsw{width:240px;min-width:240px}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RM_sw{width:260px;min-width:260px}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RMbsw{width:280px;min-width:280px}.mw-parser-output .RMir .RM_bsw{width:300px;min-width:300px}. Until 26 May, Sydney Metro and the operator of the Metro North West Line, Metro Trains Sydney (MTS), will run the trains to the schedule which is planned for when the line opens, and will carry out final checks and refinements to the system. Ava Max touched down in Sydney on Friday ahead of her official closing concert Rainbow Republic at The Domain on Sunday. Next generation fully air-conditioned metro trains. Sydney Metro is Australias biggest public transport project. It will operate as part of Sydney Metro, and likely utilise similar . In March 2021, planning approvals were granted to the project concept between Westmead and the CBD, and station excavation and tunnelling between Westmead and The Bays. The plan received approving comments by the NSW State Government. Construction started in 2020, with the project on track to be completed by 2030. A new metro station atPyrmontdelivering major benefits to thePyrmontcommunity and supporting plans to transform thisharboursidesuburb. By 2024, Sydney will have 31 metro stations and a 66-kilometre stand-alone metro railway. [48], On 18 March 2008, the NSW State Government announced SydneyLink, which included plans for the West Metro. The NSW Premier's award recognises "infrastructure projects in the state that make a difference to the local community". The network operates using 22 6-car Metropolis Stock trains, which are fully automated electric multiple units. [9] Parramatta, Sydney Olympic Park, the Bays Precinct and the Sydney CBD were announced as initial station locations, with up to 12 stations being considered. 6.4.2 Train types All trains would be new, single deck metro trains. [36], The contract for the Central Tunnelling Package was awarded to the Acciona Ferrovial joint venture in July 2021 at a cost of $1.96 billion. [71], The second stage will extend Sydney Metro Northwest 30km (19mi) from Chatswood on the North Shore, to Central, in the south of the city centre. The metro program creates and supports new communities, improves amenity, and delivers new integrated station developments. More than 60 lifts, 140 escalators, 1300 CCTV cameras and a range of station systems equipment have been ordered for Sydney Metro West as part of two framework contracts. 2019-23 (planned) The Bankstown Line will close for up to two months every year as part of the City and Southwest metro conversion process, and for up to six months in 2023 prior to the metro opening. The Northwest line is proposed to be extended to St Marys to the west via Schofields, connecting to the Western Sydney Airport line and North Shore & Western lines. The Sydney CBD, allowing easy access to the existing public transport network and Stages 1 and 2 of Sydney Metro, which is currently under construction. One of the possible future metro lines was the West Metro, from the Sydney CBD to Parramatta and Westmead. [29], In mid-2012, the newly elected Coalition government announced Sydney's Rail Future and the NSW Transport Masterplan. Customers won't need a timetable - you'll just turn up and go. [36] The shortlist for the package was announced in February 2022:[40], In November 2022, the Eastern Tunnelling Package was awarded to the John Holland, CPB Contractors and Ghella joint venture at a cost of $1.63 billion. [3], In January 2023, it was announced that the emergency exits in tunnels on the Metro West and Metro Western Sydney Airport lines will be spaced at 240 metres (260yd) where possible, matching the existing lines.[40]. The Pyrmont station option was confirmed by the government on 11 December 2020. There will be ultimate capacity for a metro train every two minutes in each direction under the city, a level of service never before seen in Sydney. Sydney Metro, together with signalling and infrastructure upgrades across the existing Sydney rail network, will increase the capacity of train services entering the Sydney CBD from about 120 an hour today to up to 200 services beyond 2024. [8][32] Stage 2 of the light rail project was initially deferred, then redesigned and truncated from Strathfield to Sydney Olympic Park via the suburbs to the north of the Parramatta River. The Western Sydney Airport line is planned to be extended to the Airport & South Line at Macarthur and Glenfield to the south. PRODUCT MANAGEMENT. Marrickville Dive Site and Trains Facility South, Claremont Meadows Intermediate Services Facility, Orchard Hills Stabling and Maintenance Facility, City and Southwest planning and compliance, Western Sydney Airport line planning and compliance, 230-year-old history unearthed beneath Sydney Metro Parramatta, Sydney Metro contracts lift safety and accessibility, Sydney Metro gets green light for all nine Sydney Metro West stations, Two become one: final connection made between Sydney Metro lines. Procurement for the remaining Metro West packages started today, with the opening of the Registration of Interest. Accordingly, no ministerial press releases or related information issued by the Government from this date will be available on this website. There are 13 railway stations between Tallawong and Chatswood and 4,000 new commuter car parking spaces. [16] Expected to cost $12 billion, it would have linked Rouse Hill in Sydney's northwest with the CBD, with construction starting in 2010 and finishing in 2017. Published 26 May 2019. Patronage was lower than anticipated due to people staying at home and not taking public transport to school or work during the. For other uses of Metro see: Metro (disambiguation). A 30 kilometre extension of metro rail from the end of Metro North West Line at Chatswood under Sydney Harbour, through new CBD stations and south west to Bankstown. Marrickville Dive Site and Trains Facility South, Claremont Meadows Intermediate Services Facility, Orchard Hills Stabling and Maintenance Facility, City and Southwest planning and compliance, Western Sydney Airport line planning and compliance, https://transportnsw.info/travel-info/ways-to-get-around/metro#/. [14] The Labor opposition also announced its commitment to fund the project if it won the election, at the expense of cancelling other announced transport and road projects such as the Western Harbour Tunnel & Beaches Link. This will ensure the systems, technology and interfaces are ready to go so when the stations and new metro trains are open to the community, customers will be able to enjoy the exciting new Sydney Metro experience. Moreover, the projected opening for Chapter 4 would be Lionsgate's biggest debut since the pandemic began. Sydney Metro is Australias first fully accessible railway this means lifts at all stations and level access between platforms and trains, theres no more step into a train over a large gap. Attention: NSW Caretaker Period has commenced. The three consortia would first bid for the Central Tunnelling Package to build 11 kilometres (6.8mi) of twin tunnels between The Bays and Sydney Olympic Park. Not to be confused with: Sydney Metro Greater West. [92], The South East Sydney Transport Strategy of the New South Wales government envisions a metro line starting from the CBD with stations at Green Square, Randwick, two at Maroubra, Malabar and La Perouse built by 2041, as well as another one from Randwick to Eastlakes and, via the Domestic and International terminals of Sydney Airport, further on to Brighton-Le-Sands and then Kogarah by 2056. [93], A Seven News documentary on the early construction of part of the Sydney Metro aired on the Seven Network on 14 July 2016 titled World's Best Metro. The Rydalmere station option was confirmed scrapped due to the cost of extra 3 kilometres (1.9mi) of tunneling and the increase in commuter travel times. [84] Initial work is expected to start in 2020, with tunnelling to begin in 2022. Sydney Fish Market is highly supportive of this project and it's potential to support our growth as a major economic driver in the area. For project enquiries or complaints about construction work: Transport for NSW recognise and celebrate the diversity of Aboriginal peoples and their ongoing cultures and care of Country. The Sydney Metro West is an upcoming rail-line that will run from Westmead to the Sydney CBD (Hunter St). [34][35] This was later pushed back to 2023. Works began in The Bays area in November 2020 to prepare for the arrival of tunnel boring machines in 2022. Transport for NSW recognise and celebrate the diversity of Aboriginal peoples and their ongoing cultures and care of Country. Please note that for the operator tag, you should not use Metro Trains Sydney. At Epping, the line connects to the existing 13km (8.1mi) Epping to Chatswood rail link, which was converted from heavy rail to rapid transit standards and segregated from the existing Sydney Trains network. Major events that affected the number of journeys made or how patronage is measured are included as notes. For all trip planning information go here: https://transportnsw.info/metro [61] Testing was done on brakes, passenger information displays, lighting and door operation.[62]. It was proposed that two 26 kilometres (16mi) tunnels will link Sydney (possibly Wynyard station or a new nearby station to be built as part of MetroPitt) with Parramatta, with high-speed trains traversing across the distance in eleven minutes at speeds of up to 160 kilometres per hour (99mph). Sydney plans a major metro expansion - TunnelTalk, February 2020 Two more breakthroughs on Sydney Metro - TunnelTalk, December 2019 WestConnex M8 opens, Northconnex coming soon - TunnelTalk, July 2020 Sydney metro buildout projects 30 Jul 2020 Jonathan Rowland, TunnelTalk The number of minutes is displayed below. The line would continue above-ground to Blacktown in six minutes, and onwards to Penrith in a further eleven minutes. "[44] On 25 August, the State Government made a public announcement that it had ruled out the project two weeks earlier due to cost concerns, with the head of the consortium saying that the Government has failed to adequately review the proposal.[50][51]. [26] According to media reports, in 2019 the government decided to abandon plans for a second CBD station at Central Station, and plans for the line to run further to the south-east, with a station at Zetland. [27], The project's western end serves a similar area to the Parramatta Light Rail, whose stage 1 alignment runs between Westmead and Carlingford. In the 20192020 New South Wales state budget in June 2019, the state government announced an investment of $2.0 billion to commence the construction of stage 1 for the next 4 years. [8][9] There have been plans for an underground metro system for the city as early as 2001, with unsuccessful attempts to build a line between 2008 and 2010. Though a precise construction timeframe was not provided, the plan envisages all work being completed by 2031. The proposal was carried forward to the Sydney Metro project announced by Iemma's successor Nathan Rees in 2009. [38], Following planning approval in March 2021, work to prepare for tunnels and station excavation between Westmead and The Bays could begin. The 24-kilometre metro line doubling rail capacity between Greater Parramatta and the Sydney CBD, linking new communities to rail services and supporting employment growth and housing supply. [71] The completion of these tunnels in early 2016 marked the completion of the first stage of Sydney Metro Northwest. Sydney CBD; Sydney Metro West Created Date: [54], Rees' Sydney Metro project was cancelled in February 2010 by the government led by newly appointed premier Kristina Keneally. [14], In October 2019, the locations of seven stations were announced:[21][25], At the time of announcement, the government was considering further stations at Pyrmont and Rydalmere. Route and timetable information and travel alerts on Metro. The line is being extended into the Sydney CBD to open in 2024. Australia's biggest transport project and most advanced railway, Sydney Metro has officially opened to deliver frequent turn-up-and-go services from Tallawong Station at Rouse Hill to Chatswood Station. Meet the Sydney Metro Crows Nest team at Crows Nest Festival 16 Oct 2022 Meet the Sydney Metro Crows Nest team at Crows Nest Festival 16.10.2022 [19] Construction was scheduled to start in 2010, like its predecessor, but finished earlier in 2015. [10] The preferred alignment was scheduled to be announced in late 2018,[11] while the line is expected to open in the second half of the 2020s. The following table lists patronage figures for the network during the corresponding financial year. We pay respect to the Traditional Custodians and First Peoples of NSW, and acknowledge their continued connection to their country and culture. [49] After Nathan Rees replaced Iemma later that year, the West Metro was incorporated into Rees's Sydney Metro project, announced in 2009. opening_date = 2026 operator = Sydney Metro Example of a properly tagged construction site for an under-construction Sydney Metro station: Orchard Hills Metro Station. ", "Please explain: FastRail fumes over rejection", "Please explain: Govt ditched $3.9b 'fast rail', "Transport Administration Amendment Act 2010", "No rail plans for Barangaroo's commuters", "Lack of stations on $20b Sydney Metro West rail line questioned", Sydney Metropolitan Bus Service Contracts, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sydney_Metro_West&oldid=1138336053, Use Australian English from September 2019, All Wikipedia articles written in Australian English, Pages with no gauge entered in Infobox rail line, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, a new station that will connect to existing stations either at, an interchange at the western end of the line, connecting with the existing railway stations at either, Acciona and Ferrovial Construction joint venture (AF JV), John Holland, CPB Contractors and Ghella Pty Ltd joint venture (JCG JV), This page was last edited on 9 February 2023, at 03:27.

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